Traduzione e analisi delle parole tramite l'intelligenza artificiale ChatGPT
In questa pagina puoi ottenere un'analisi dettagliata di una parola o frase, prodotta utilizzando la migliore tecnologia di intelligenza artificiale fino ad oggi:
- come viene usata la parola
- frequenza di utilizzo
- è usato più spesso nel discorso orale o scritto
- opzioni di traduzione delle parole
- esempi di utilizzo (varie frasi con traduzione)
- etimologia
Cosa (chi) è Great Plague - definizione
!["Woodcut" map of London]], dating from the 1560s](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Civitas Londinium or The Agas Map of London.jpg?width=200 "\"Woodcut\" map of London]], dating from the 1560s")
![Bill of Mortality]] for the plague in 1665](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Death for the year 1665 Wellcome L0000352.jpg?width=200 "Bill of Mortality]] for the plague in 1665")
![''Rattus rattus'', the [[black rat]]. Smaller than ''Rattus norvegicus'', the [[brown rat]], which later supplanted it, it is also keener to live near humankind. Timber houses and overcrowded slums provided excellent homes. The link between the rat as reservoir of infection and host to fleas which could transfer to man was not understood. Efforts were made to eliminate cats and dogs: if anything, this encouraged the rats. Body lice were also important plague vectors.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Roofrat hagenbeck 01.jpg?width=200 "''Rattus rattus'', the [[black rat]]. Smaller than ''Rattus norvegicus'', the [[brown rat]], which later supplanted it, it is also keener to live near humankind. Timber houses and overcrowded slums provided excellent homes. The link between the rat as reservoir of infection and host to fleas which could transfer to man was not understood. Efforts were made to eliminate cats and dogs: if anything, this encouraged the rats. Body lice were also important plague vectors.")
![Map of London by [[Wenceslaus Hollar]], c.1665](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wenceslas Hollar - Plan of London before the fire (State 2), variant.jpg?width=200 "Map of London by [[Wenceslaus Hollar]], c.1665")
![die]] and turn black](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Acral gangrene due to plague.jpg?width=200 "die]] and turn black")
![Skeletons in a mass grave from 1720 to 1721 in [[Martigues]], near [[Marseille]] in southern France, yielded molecular evidence of the ''orientalis'' strain of ''Yersinia pestis'', the organism responsible for bubonic plague. The second pandemic of bubonic plague was active in Europe from 1347, the beginning of the Black Death, until 1750.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bubonic plague victims-mass grave in Martigues, France 1720-1721.jpg?width=200 "Skeletons in a mass grave from 1720 to 1721 in [[Martigues]], near [[Marseille]] in southern France, yielded molecular evidence of the ''orientalis'' strain of ''Yersinia pestis'', the organism responsible for bubonic plague. The second pandemic of bubonic plague was active in Europe from 1347, the beginning of the Black Death, until 1750.")
![burned at the stake]] in 1349. Miniature from a 14th-century manuscript ''Antiquitates Flandriae'' by [[Gilles Li Muisis]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Doutielt1.jpg?width=200 "burned at the stake]] in 1349. Miniature from a 14th-century manuscript ''Antiquitates Flandriae'' by [[Gilles Li Muisis]]")
![Citizens of [[Tournai]] bury plague victims](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Doutielt3.jpg?width=200 "Citizens of [[Tournai]] bury plague victims")
![Inspired by the Black Death, ''The Dance of Death'', or ''[[Danse Macabre]]'', an [[allegory]] on the universality of death, was a common painting motif in the late medieval period.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nuremberg chronicles - Dance of Death (CCLXIIIIv).jpg?width=200 "Inspired by the Black Death, ''The Dance of Death'', or ''[[Danse Macabre]]'', an [[allegory]] on the universality of death, was a common painting motif in the late medieval period.")
![apparel]] during the 17th-century outbreak.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Paul Fürst, Der Doctor Schnabel von Rom (coloured version).png?width=200 "apparel]] during the 17th-century outbreak.")
![An inguinal [[bubo]] on the upper thigh of a person infected with bubonic plague. Swollen [[lymph node]]s (''buboes'') often occur in the neck, armpit and groin (''inguinal'') regions of plague victims.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Plague bubo.jpg?width=200 "An inguinal [[bubo]] on the upper thigh of a person infected with bubonic plague. Swollen [[lymph node]]s (''buboes'') often occur in the neck, armpit and groin (''inguinal'') regions of plague victims.")
![Pieter Bruegel]]'s ''[[The Triumph of Death]]'' reflects the social upheaval and terror that followed plague, which devastated medieval Europe.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The Triumph of Death P001393.jpg?width=200 "Pieter Bruegel]]'s ''[[The Triumph of Death]]'' reflects the social upheaval and terror that followed plague, which devastated medieval Europe.")
The Black Death (also known as the Pestilence, the Great Mortality or simply the Plague) was a bubonic plague pandemic occurring in Western Eurasia and North Africa from 1346 to 1353. It is the most fatal pandemic recorded in human history, causing the deaths of 75–200 million people, peaking in Europe from 1347 to 1351. Bubonic plague is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis spread by fleas, but it can also take a secondary form where it is spread by person-to-person contact via aerosols causing septicaemic or pneumonic plagues.
The Black Death was the beginning of the second plague pandemic. The plague created religious, social and economic upheavals, with profound effects on the course of European history.
The origin of the Black Death is disputed. The pandemic originated either in Central Asia or East Asia but its first definitive appearance was in Crimea in 1347. From Crimea, it was most likely carried by fleas living on the black rats that travelled on Genoese ships, spreading through the Mediterranean Basin and reaching North Africa, Western Asia, and the rest of Europe via Constantinople, Sicily, and the Italian Peninsula. There is evidence that once it came ashore, the Black Death mainly spread person-to-person as pneumonic plague, thus explaining the quick inland spread of the epidemic, which was faster than would be expected if the primary vector was rat fleas causing bubonic plague. In 2022, it was discovered that there was a sudden surge of deaths in what is today Kyrgyzstan from the Black Death in the late 1330s; when combined with genetic evidence, this implies that the initial spread may not have been due to Mongol conquests in the 14th century, as previously speculated.
The Black Death was the second great natural disaster to strike Europe during the Late Middle Ages (the first one being the Great Famine of 1315–1317) and is estimated to have killed 30 percent to 60 percent of the European population, as well as about one-third of the population of the Middle East. The plague might have reduced the world population from c. 475 million to 350–375 million in the 14th century. There were further outbreaks throughout the Late Middle Ages and, with other contributing factors (the Crisis of the Late Middle Ages), the European population did not regain its level in 1300 until 1500. Outbreaks of the plague recurred around the world until the early 19th century.
